Maintenance & repair

When it's time for maintenance or repairs, use only parts and fluids meeting manufacturer specifications. Using the wrong type of oil or transmission fluid, for example, could result in damage leading to expensive repairs, and diminished long term car reliability. Cheap and no-name belts and hoses might not wear as well as those from a name-brand supplier.

Although synthetic motor oil is more expensive than conventional oil, you should use it if that's what the manual specifies. Synthetic oil better resists extreme temperatures, and some engines, especially those tuned for performance, might require it. But conventional motor oil is fine for most cars.

If your car's engine is designed to run on regular gasoline, filling up with premium is a waste of money. Even if the manual recommends using premium fuel for optimal performance, it's all right to use regular. Your car's fuel system has sensors that will compensate for the lower octane and make adjustments. There will probably be a very slight drop in performance, but you're unlikely to notice it in normal driving. But if your manual indicates that premium fuel is required, you'll need to buy it. Some engines don't perform correctly without it.

Problems can arise at any time and for inexplicable reasons. The manual might tell you how often to inspect belts and hoses, but when to replace them can vary greatly by climate and other factors. So it helps to get in the habit of opening the hood and looking, listening, and smelling what's happening in your engine bay. Look for fraying or cracks in belts, and cracks or bulges in hoses. Investing in a vehicle service manual, available at car dealerships and most auto-parts stores, will help show you what to look for and assist you with minor repairs that can extend long term car reliability.

While you have your hood up, look for evidence of leaks. Check the level and condition of all fluids, including coolant, brake fluid, and power steering. Fluids can give you clues about what's happening inside your engine or transmission. For example, if your transmission fluid smells burnt when you pull out the dipstick or feels gritty between your fingers, it could signal the start of internal damage. Early detection might reduce repair costs and, again, increase long term car reliability.

Listen for odd noises from your engine, suspension, and brakes while driving. If you have any doubts about a noise, get it checked out by a mechanic.