How to choose

First, don't assume that pricey brands outperform less costly ones. We've found fine performers at all prices. Points to consider:

How many channels do you want?

There are still some 5.1 receivers available, but many new receivers provide 7.1 channels and have the high-resolution digital audio decoding capability needed to fully support the 7.1-channel audio on most Blu-ray discs.

How many devices do you want to connect?

Even basic multichannel receivers generally have enough A/V inputs for a CD or DVD player, a VCR, and a cable box or satellite receiver. Mid- and high-priced models usually have more inputs, so you can connect additional devices, such as a camcorder, digital-video recorder, or game system.

The number of connections isn't the only issue; the type also matters. Composite-video inputs, the most basic type, can be used with everything from an older VCR to a new DVD player. S-video and component-video inputs are used mostly by devices that provide better picture quality, such as DVD players, digital-cable boxes, and satellite receivers. To get high-definition TV programming or enhanced-definition output from a progressive-scan DVD player, you must use a component-video input or an HDMI input. If you have or plan to buy an HDTV and a high-definition Blu-ray video player, look for HDMI connections, which are required, in most cases, for passing up-converted and high definition video.

On a receiver, all video inputs except HDMI require a companion audio input. The basic left/right audio inputs can be used with almost any device to provide stereo sound. To connect a turntable without the need for a separate phonograph amplifier, you need a phono input.

To route multichannel sound from DVD players, digital-cable boxes, and satellite receivers, you generally use a digital-audio input. With this input, digitally encoded multichannel sound is relayed on one cable to the receiver, which decodes it into separate channels. The input on the receiver must be the same type—optical (the most common type), coaxial, or HDMI—as the output on the other device, or you will need a converter. You usually have to buy digital-audio, S-video, and component-video cables, as well as speaker cables. Cable prices vary greatly. We've found that expensive brands don't offer much advantage over lower-priced cables.

Stereo or surround sound music?

Any receiver can reproduce stereo sound. Most multichannel models have digital signal-processing (DSP) modes that process two channels to simulate a sound environment, such as a concert hall. For multichannel music from an SACD or DVD-Audio disc player, get a receiver with 5.1 analog inputs.

How big is your room?

Make sure a receiver has the oomph to provide adequate volume: at least 50 watts per channel in a typical 12x20-foot living room, or 85 watts for a 15x25-foot space. More power is needed for a huge room, plush furnishings, inefficient loudspeakers, or high volume levels.

Is the receiver compatible with your speakers?

If you like to blast music for hours on end, get a receiver rated to handle your speakers' impedance. Most receivers are rated for 6-ohm and 8-ohm speakers. If used with 4-ohm speakers, such a receiver could overheat and its protection circuitry would shut it down.

Is it easy to use?

Look for legible displays and well-labeled function buttons. Some receivers add an onscreen menu, which displays settings on your TV screen. An auto-calibration feature adjusts speaker sound levels and balance to improve the surround effect. Models with a test-tone function help you balance the sound yourself. When deciding where to place your receiver, allow 4 inches or so of space behind it for cables and at least 2 inches on top for venting to prevent overheating.

And if setting up a home theater is a bigger project than you want to tackle, consider professional installation.